Discovery of metallic teeth in this reptile: an evolutionary innovation?
Published by Cédric,
Article author: Cédric DEPOND
Source: Nature Ecology & Evolution
Other Languages: FR, DE, ES, PT
Article author: Cédric DEPOND
Source: Nature Ecology & Evolution
Other Languages: FR, DE, ES, PT
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Illustrative image from Pexels
A question intrigues researchers. What role does this metallic layer play in the efficiency of the Komodo dragon as a formidable hunter?
The teeth of this monitor lizard, already known for their sharpness, are reinforced by this layer of iron. This unique trait among reptiles has been highlighted by scientists from King's College London.
Using advanced imaging techniques, researchers analyzed the dental structure of these giant reptiles. They discovered that iron, present in high concentration, makes the dragon's teeth extremely durable.
The Komodo dragon hunts a wide variety of prey, from water buffalo to small rodents. This iron coating enhances its ability to bite through and tear flesh, offering a clear evolutionary advantage. This feature might trace back to the era of carnivorous dinosaurs. Parallels have been observed with some extinct species, although fossils don't retain this metallic signature.
Scientists believe that this discovery could have applications in dental medicine. The iron found in the Komodo dragons' enamel might inspire techniques for reinforcing human enamel.
a - Lateral view of the skull of V. komodoensis shown from a specimen at the Natural History Museum of London.
b - Lingual view of a dental position with several unerupted replacement teeth showing orange pigmentation (AMNH).
c - Dorsal view of two erupted teeth with cutting edges and pigment-stained apexes from a specimen preserved by the Zoological Society of London.
d - White-light image of an erupted and unerupted tooth from the same specimen.
e - Laser-stimulated fluorescence image showing the pigmentation of denticles in erupted and unerupted teeth.
f - Dorsal view of three teeth from the left jaw, with similar pigmentation on the apexes and mesial denticles.
g - Lateral view of an isolated replacement tooth showing orange pigmentation (MoLS).
h - Close-up of the apex of the isolated tooth, showing orange pigmentation at the tip.
i - Distal view of denticles showing orange pigmentation on the denticles and apex.
j - Polished thick section through the mesial denticles of a tooth, showing orange pigmentation limited to the enamel.
k - Electron microscope image of three mesial denticles.
l - Close-up of the enamel of the denticles showing a shiny coating.
m - Close-up of the enamel of the crown apex, displaying the same nanocrystalline coating.
The pigmented areas are marked with asterisks.
Despite their remarkable adaptations, Komodo dragons are in danger. Habitat loss and climate change threaten their survival, a major challenge for the conservation of this species. This latest discovery testifies to the complexity of these reptiles' evolution and highlights the importance of protecting this species, the last representative of its lineage.
How did scientists discover iron on Komodo dragons' teeth?
While studying the teeth of Komodo dragon specimens, researchers noticed an unusual orange tint on the edges. Initially thinking it was food residue, they conducted further analyses that revealed the presence of an iron layer.Using microscopes and advanced imaging techniques, they were able to observe this thin metal layer on the enamel of the teeth. This unprecedented discovery allowed for a better understanding of the evolution of these reptiles' dentition.
The iron present on Komodo dragons' teeth enhances their structure, making them more resistant to wear. This metallic layer increases their effectiveness in slicing flesh while providing protection.
This unique adaptation is likely linked to their carnivorous diet, allowing them to tackle larger and tougher prey while keeping their teeth sharp over time.