Comète périodique

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Introduction

La comète de Halley lors de son passage en 1986

Une comète périodique est une comète qui a été observée à plus d'un périhélie et/ou qui a une période orbitale inférieure à 200 ans.

Les comètes périodiques ne reçoivent pas de désignation numérique avant d'avoir été observées à plus d'un périhélie. Dans quasiment tous les cas, les comètes sont nommées d'après leurs découvreurs (dans le cas de 2P/Encke et 27P/Crommelin, il s'agit de la personne ayant calculé leur orbite). Les orbites des comètes périodiques sont particulièrement difficiles à calculer à cause des perturbations possibles des planètes. Mais même dans ce cas, la trace de certaines comètes périodiques peut être perdue par suite d'un dégazage ou d'une fragmentation.

Liste des comètes périodiques numérotées

ComèteDécouvreur(s)Année de découvertePériode orbitale
1P/HalleyHalley175876,09 a
2P/EnckeEncke17863,30 a
3D/BielaBiela18266,619 a
4P/FayeFaye18437,545 a
5D/BrorsenBrorsen18465,461 a
6P/d'Arrestd'Arrest
7P/Pons-WinneckePons & Winnecke
8P/TuttleTuttle185813,58 a
9P/Tempel (Tempel 1)Tempel
10P/Tempel (Tempel 2)Tempel
11P/Tempel-Swift-LINEARTempel & Swift & LINEAR
12P/Pons-BrooksPons & Brooks
13P/OlbersOlbers
14P/WolfWolf
15P/FinlayFinlay
16P/Brooks (Brooks 2)Brooks
17P/HolmesHolmes
18D/Perrine-MrkosPerrine & Mrkos
19P/BorrellyBorrelly
20D/WestphalWestphal
21P/Giacobini-ZinnerGiacobini & Zinner
22P/KopffKopff
23P/Brorsen-MetcalfBrorsen & Metcalf
24P/SchaumasseSchaumasse
25D/Neujmin (Neujmin 2)Neujmin
26P/Grigg-SkjellerupGrigg & Skjellerup1902 et 19225,31 a
27P/CrommelinCrommelin
28P/Neujmin (Neujmin 1)Neujmin
29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann (Schwassmann-Wachmann 1)Schwassmann & Wachmann
30P/Reinmuth (Reinmuth 1)Reinmuth
31P/Schwassmann-Wachmann (Schwassmann-Wachmann 2)Schwassmann & Wachmann
32P/Comas SoláComas Solá
33P/DanielDaniel
34D/GaleGale
35P/Herschel-RigolletHerschel & Rigollet
36P/WhippleWhipple
37P/ForbesForbes
38P/Stephan-OtermaStephan & Oterma
39P/OtermaOterma
40P/Väisälä (Väisälä 1)Väisälä
41P/Tuttle-Giacobini-KresákTuttle & Giacobini & Kresák
42P/Neujmin (Neujmin 3)Neujmin
43P/Wolf-HarringtonWolf & Harrington
44P/Reinmuth (Reinmuth 2)Reinmuth
45P/Honda-Mrkos-PajdušákováHonda & Mrkos & Pajdušáková
46P/WirtanenWirtanen
47P/Ashbrook-JacksonAshbrook & Jackson
48P/JohnsonJohnson
49P/Arend-RigauxArend & Rigaux
50P/ArendArend
51P/HarringtonHarrington
52P/Harrington-AbellHarrington & Abell
53P/Van BiesbroeckVan Biesbroeck
54P/de Vico-Swift-NEATde Vico & Swift & NEAT
55P/Tempel-TuttleTempel & Tuttle
56P/Slaughter-BurnhamSlaughter & Burnham
57P/du Toit-Neujmin-Delportedu Toit & Neujmin & Delporte
58P/Jackson-NeujminJackson & Neujmin
59P/Kearns-KweeKearns & Kwee
60P/Tsuchinshan (Tsuchinshan 2)Tsuchinshan
61P/Shajn-SchaldachShajn & Schaldach
62P/Tsuchinshan (Tsuchinshan 1)Tsuchinshan
63P/Wild (Wild 1)Wild
64P/Swift-GehrelsSwift & Gehrels
65P/GunnGunn
66P/du Toitdu Toit
67P/Tchourioumov-GuerassimenkoTchourioumov & Guerassimenko
68P/KlemolaKlemola
69P/TaylorTaylor
70P/KojimaKojima
71P/ClarkClark
72P/Denning-FujikawaDenning & Fujikawa
73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann (Schwassmann-Wachmann 3)Schwassmann & Wachmann
74P/Smirnova-ChernykhSmirnova & Chernykh
75D/KohoutekKohoutek
76P/West-Kohoutek-IkemuraWest & Kohoutek & Ikemura
77P/LongmoreLongmore
78P/Gehrels (Gehrels 2)Gehrels
79P/du Toit-Hartleydu Toit & Hartley
80P/Peters-HartleyPeters & Hartley
81P/Wild (Wild 2)Wild
82P/Gehrels (Gehrels 3)Gehrels
83P/Russell (Russell 1)Russell
84P/GiclasGiclas
85P/BoethinBoethin
86P/Wild (Wild 3)Wild
87P/BusBus
88P/HowellHowell
89P/Russell (Russell 2)Russell
90P/Gehrels (Gehrels 1)Gehrels
91P/Russell (Russell 3)Russell
92P/SanguinSanguin
93P/Lovas (Lovas 1)Lovas
94P/Russell (Russell 4)Russell
95P/Chiron = astéroïde (2060) ChironKowal
96P/Machholz (Machholz 1)Machholz19865,2322 a
97P/Metcalf-BrewingtonMetcalf & Brewington
98P/TakamizawaTakamizawa
99P/Kowal (Kowal 1)Kowal
100P/Hartley (Hartley 1)Hartley
101P/ChernykhChernykh
102P/Shoemaker (Shoemaker 1)C. Shoemaker & E. Shoemaker
103P/Hartley (Hartley 2)Hartley
104P/Kowal (Kowal 2)Kowal
105P/Singer BrewsterSinger Brewster
106P/SchusterSchuster
107P/Wilson-Harrington = astéroïde (4015) Wilson-HarringtonHelin & Wilson & Harrington
108P/CiffréoCiffréo
109P/Swift-TuttleSwift & Tuttle
110P/Hartley (Hartley 3)Hartley
111P/Helin-Roman-CrockettHelin & Roman & Crockett
112P/Urata-NiijimaUrata & Niijima
113P/SpitalerSpitaler
114P/Wiseman-SkiffWiseman & Skiff
115P/Maury (Maury 1)Maury
116P/Wild (Wild 4)Wild
117P/Helin-Roman-Alu (Helin-Roman-Alu 1)Helin & Roman & Alu
118P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 4)C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy
119P/Parker-HartleyParker & Hartley
120P/Mueller (Mueller 1)Mueller
121P/Shoemaker-Holt (Shoemaker-Holt 2)C.Shoemaker, E.Shoemaker & Holt
122P/de Vicode Vico
123P/West-HartleyWest & Hartley
124P/MrkosMrkos
125P/Spacewatch (Spacewatch 1)Spacewatch
126P/IRASIRAS
127P/Holt-OlmsteadHolt & Olmstead
128P/Shoemaker-Holt (Shoemaker-Holt 1)C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Holt
129P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 3)C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy
130P/McNaught-HughesMcNaught & Hughes
131P/Mueller (Mueller 2)Mueller
132P/Helin-Roman-Alu (Helin-Roman-Alu 2)Helin & Roman & Alu
133P/Elst-Pizarro = astéroïde (7968) Elst-PizarroElst & Pizarro
134P/Kowal-VávrováKowal & Vávrová
135P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 8)C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy
136P/Mueller (Mueller 3)Mueller
137P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 2)C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy
138P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 7)C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy
139P/Väisälä-OtermaVäisälä & Oterma
140P/Bowell-SkiffBowell & Skiff
141P/Machholz (Machholz 2)Machholz
142P/Ge-WangGe & Wang
143P/Kowal-MrkosKowal & Mrkos
144P/KushidaKushida
145P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 5)C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy
146P/Shoemaker-LINEARC. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & LINEAR
147P/Kushida-MuramatsuKushida & Muramatsu
148P/Anderson-LINEARAnderson & LINEAR
149P/Mueller (Mueller 4)Mueller
150P/LONEOS (LONEOS 3)LONEOS
151P/HelinHelin
152P/Helin-LawrenceHelin & Lawrence
153P/Ikeya-ZhangIkeya & Zhang
154P/BrewingtonBrewington
155P/Shoemaker (Shoemaker 3)C. Shoemaker & E. Shoemaker
156P/Russell-LINEARRussell & LINEAR
157P/TrittonTritton
158P/Kowal-LINEARKowal & LINEAR
159P/LONEOS (LONEOS 7)LONEOS
160P/LINEAR (LINEAR 43)LINEAR
161P/Hartley-IRASHartley & IRAS
162P/Siding Spring (Siding Spring 2)Siding Spring
163P/NEAT (NEAT 21)NEAT
164P/Christensen (Christensen 2)Christensen
165P/LINEAR (LINEAR 10)LINEAR
166P/NEAT (NEAT 8)NEAT
167P/CINEOSCINEOS
168P/Hergenrother (Hergenrother 1)Hergenrother
169P/NEAT (NEAT 22)NEAT
170P/Christensen (Christensen 4)Christensen
171P/Spahr (Spahr 2)Spahr
172P/YeungYeung
173P/Mueller (Mueller 5)Mueller
174P/Echeclus = astéroïde (60558) EcheclusSpacewatch
175P/Hergenrother (Hergenrother 2)Hergenrother
176P/LINEAR (LINEAR 52) = astéroïde 1999 RE70 = 118401 LINEARLINEAR
177P/Barnard (Barnard 2)Barnard
178P/Hug-BellHug & Bell
179P/Jedicke (Jedicke 1)Jedicke
180P/NEAT (NEAT 3)NEAT
181P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 6)C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy
182P/LONEOS (LONEOS 6)LONEOS
183P/Korlević-JurićKorlević & Jurić
184P/Lovas (Lovas 2)Lovas
185P/PetriewPetriew
186P/Garradd (Garradd 1)Garradd
187P/LINEAR (LINEAR 4)LINEAR
188P/LINEAR-MuellerLINEAR & Mueller
189P/NEAT (NEAT 10)NEAT
190P/Mueller (Mueller 6)Mueller
191P/McNaught (McNaught 11)McNaught
192P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 1)C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy
193P/LINEAR-NEAT (LINEAR-NEAT 2)LINEAR & NEAT
194P/LINEAR (LINEAR 9)LINEAR
195P/HillHill
196P/TichýTichý
197P/LINEARLINEAR
198P/ODASOCA-DLR Asteroid Survey (ODAS)
199P/Shoemaker (Shoemaker 4)C. Shoemaker & E. Shoemaker
200P/LarsenLarsen
201P/LONEOSLONEOS
202P/ScottiScotti
203P/KorlevićKorlević
204P/LINEAR-NEATLINEAR & NEAT
205P/GiacobiniGiacobini
206P/Barnard-BoattiniBarnard & Boattini
207P/NEATNEAT
208P/McMillanMcMillan
209P/LINEARLINEAR
210P/ChristensenChristensen
211P/HillHill (Catalina Sky Survey)
212P/NEATNEAT
213P/Van NessVan Ness
214P/LINEARLINEAR
215P/NEATNEAT
216P/LINEARLINEAR
217P/LINEARLINEAR
218P/LINEARLINEAR
219P/LINEARLINEAR
220P/McNaughtMcNaught
221P/LINEARLINEAR
222P/LINEARLINEAR
223P/SkiffSkiff
224P/LINEAR-NEATLINEAR & NEAT
225P/LINEARLINEAR
226P/Pigott-LINEAR-KowalskiPigott & LINEAR & Kowalski
227P/Catalina-LINEARCatalina Sky Survey & LINEAR
228P/LINEARLINEAR
229P/GibbsGibbs (Catalina Sky Survey)