Fabrique abstraite (patron de conception) - Définition
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Exemples
C++
/* exemple d'une fabrique abstraite d'eléments d'IHM en C++ */ class Button { virtual void paint() = 0; }; class WinButton : public Button { void paint (){ std::cout << " I'm a window button \n"; } }; class OSXButton : public Button { void paint (){ std::cout << " I'm a OSX button \n"; } }; class GUIFactory { virtual Button* createButton () = 0; }; class WinGUIFactory : public GUIFactory { Button* createButton (){ return new WinButton(); } }; class OSXGUIFactory : public GUIFactory { Button* createButton (){ return new OSXButton(); } }; class Application { Application(GUIFactory* factory){ Button * button = factory->createButton(); button->paint(); } }; /* application: */ int main() { GUIFactory* factory1 = new WinGUIFactory(); GUIFactory* factory2 = new OSXGUIFactory(); Application* winApp = new Application (factory1); Application* osxApp = new Application (factory2); delete factory1, factory2; return 0; }
C#
/* * GUIFactory example */ abstract class GUIFactory { public static GUIFactory getFactory() { int sys = readFromConfigFile("OS_TYPE"); if (sys==0) { return(new WinFactory()); } else { return(new OSXFactory()); } } public abstract Button createButton(); } class WinFactory:GUIFactory { public override Button createButton() { return(new WinButton()); } } class OSXFactory:GUIFactory { public override Button createButton() { return(new OSXButton()); } } abstract class Button { public string caption; public abstract void paint(); } class WinButton:Button { public override void paint() { Console.WriteLine("I'm a WinButton: "+caption); } } class OSXButton:Button { public override void paint() { Console.WriteLine("I'm a OSXButton: "+caption); } } class Application { static void Main(string[] args) { GUIFactory aFactory = GUIFactory.getFactory(); Button aButton = aFactory.createButton(); aButton.caption = "Play"; aButton.paint(); } //output is //I'm a WinButton: Play //or //I'm a OSXButton: Play }
VB.Net
' ' * GUIFactory example ' MustInherit Class GUIFactory Public Shared Function getFactory() As GUIFactory Dim sys As Integer = readFromConfigFile("OS_TYPE") If sys = 0 Then Return (New WinFactory()) Else Return (New OSXFactory()) End If End Function Public MustOverride Function createButton() As Button End Class Class WinFactory Inherits GUIFactory Public Overloads Overrides Function createButton() As Button Return (New WinButton()) End Function End Class Class OSXFactory Inherits GUIFactory Public Overloads Overrides Function createButton() As Button Return (New OSXButton()) End Function End Class MustInherit Class Button Public caption As String Public MustOverride Sub paint() End Class Class WinButton Inherits Button Public Overloads Overrides Sub paint() Console.WriteLine("I'm a WinButton: " & caption) End Sub End Class Class OSXButton Inherits Button Public Overloads Overrides Sub paint() Console.WriteLine("I'm a OSXButton: " & caption) End Sub End Class Class Application Private Shared Sub Main(ByVal args As String()) Dim aFactory As GUIFactory = GUIFactory.getFactory() Dim aButton As Button = aFactory.createButton() aButton.caption = "Play" aButton.paint() End Sub 'output is 'I'm a WinButton: Play 'or 'I'm a OSXButton: Play End Class
Java
/* * GUIFactory example */ public abstract class GUIFactory { public static GUIFactory getFactory() { int sys = readFromConfigFile("OS_TYPE"); if (sys == 0) { return(new WinFactory()); } else { return(new OSXFactory()); } } public abstract Button createButton(); } class WinFactory extends GUIFactory { public Button createButton() { return(new WinButton()); } } class OSXFactory extends GUIFactory { public Button createButton() { return(new OSXButton()); } } public abstract class Button { private String caption; public abstract void paint(); public String getCaption(){ return caption; } public void setCaption(String caption){ this.caption = caption; } } class WinButton extends Button { public void paint() { System.out.println("I'm a WinButton: "+ getCaption()); } } class OSXButton extends Button { public void paint() { System.out.println("I'm a OSXButton: "+ getCaption()); } } public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { GUIFactory aFactory = GUIFactory.getFactory(); Button aButton = aFactory.createButton(); aButton.setCaption("Play"); aButton.paint(); } //output is //I'm a WinButton: Play //or //I'm a OSXButton: Play }
Perl
# GUIFactory example on Perl package GUIFactory; sub getFactory($$) { shift; # skip class my $toolkit = shift; if ($toolkit eq 'GTK') { return(GtkFactory->new); } else { return(TkFactory->new); } } package GtkFactory; use base 'GUIFactory'; sub new { bless({}, shift); } sub createButton { return(GtkButton->new); } package TkFactory; use base 'GUIFactory'; sub new { bless({}, shift); } sub createButton() { return(TkButton->new); } package Button; sub new { $class = shift; my $self = {}; $self{caption} = ''; bless($self, $class); return $self; } package GtkButton; use base 'Button'; sub paint() { print "I'm a GtkButton\n"; } package TkButton; use base 'Button'; sub paint() { print "I'm a TkButton\n"; } package main; my $aFactory = GUIFactory->getFactory; my $aButton = $aFactory->createButton; $aButton->{caption} = "Play"; $aButton->paint();
PHP
/* * Fabrique abstraite */ abstract class GUIFactory { public static function getFactory() { $sys = readFromConfigFile("OS_TYPE"); if ($sys == 0) { return(new WinFactory()); } else { return(new OSXFactory()); } } public abstract function createButton(); } class WinFactory extends GUIFactory { public function createButton() { return(new WinButton()); } } class OSXFactory extends GUIFactory { public function createButton() { return(new OSXButton()); } } abstract class Button { private $_caption; public abstract function render(); public function getCaption(){ return $this->_caption; } public function setCaption($caption){ $this->_caption = $caption; } } class WinButton extends Button { public function render() { return "Je suis un WinButton: ".$this->getCaption(); } } class OSXButton extends Button { public function render() { return "Je suis un OSXButton: ".$this->getCaption(); } } $aFactory = GUIFactory::getFactory(); $aButton = $aFactory->createButton(); $aButton->setCaption("Démarrage"); echo $aButton->render(); //Le rendu est //Je suis un WinButton: Démarrage //ou //Je suis un OSXButton: Démarrage
Eiffel
-- -- GUI Factory example -- class GUI_FACTORY_FOR_CONFIG feature get_factory: GUI_FACTORY is once inspect read_from_config_file("OS_TYPE") when 0 then create {WIN_FACTORY} Result else create {OSX_FACTORY} Result end end end deferred class GUI_FACTORY feature create_button: BUTTON is deferred end end class WIN_FACTORY inherit GUI_FACTORY feature create_button: WIN_BUTTON is do create Result end end class OSX_FACTORY inherit GUI_FACTORY feature create_button: OSX_BUTTON is do create Result end end deferred class BUTTON feature caption: STRING set_caption(value: like caption) is do caption := value end paint is deferred end end class WIN_BUTTON inherit BUTTON feature paint is do print("I'm a WIN_BUTTON: "+caption+"%N") end end class OSX_BUTTON inherit BUTTON feature paint is do print("I'm a OSX_BUTTON: "+caption+"%N") end end class APPLICATION inherit GUI_FACTORY_FOR_CONFIG creation main feature main is local button : BUTTON do button := get_factory.create_button button.set_caption("Play") button.paint end end
