- Acanthurus achilles Shaw, 1803.
- Acanthurus albipectoralis Allen & Ayling, 1987.
- Acanthurus aliala Lesson, 1831.
- Acanthurus annularis Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus armiger Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus aterrimus Günther, 1872.
- Acanthurus auranticavus Randall, 1956.
- Acanthurus aurolineatus Day, 1876.
- Acanthurus bahianus Castelnau, 1855.
- Acanthurus bariene Lesson, 1831.
- Acanthurus bicommatus Smith, 1956.
- Acanthurus bipunctatus Günther, 1861.
- Acanthurus bleekeri Günther, 1861.
- Acanthurus blochii Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus brevis Poey, 1860.
- Acanthurus broussonnetii Desmarest, 1823.
- Acanthurus carinatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801.
- Acanthurus celebicus Bleeker, 1852.
- Acanthurus chronixis Randall, 1960.
- Acanthurus chrysosoma Bleeker, 1857.
- Acanthurus coeruleus Bloch & Schneider, 1801.
- Acanthurus delisiani Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus delissianus Guérin-Méneville, 1829-38.
- Acanthurus doreensis Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus dussumieri Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus eparai Lesson, 1831.
- Acanthurus fasciatus Bliss, 1883.
- Acanthurus fowleri de Beaufort, 1951.
- Acanthurus fraterculus Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus fuliginosus Lesson, 1831.
- Acanthurus fuscus Steindachner, 1861.
- Acanthurus gahm nigricauda Duncker & Mohr, 1929.
- Acanthurus gahmoides Guichenot, 1863.
- Acanthurus glaucopareius Cuvier, 1829.
- Acanthurus grammoptilus Richardson, 1843.
- Acanthurus guentheri Weber, 1913.
- Acanthurus guttatus Forster, 1801.
- Acanthurus hirundo Bennett, 1829.
- Acanthurus humeralis Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus kingii Bennett, 1835.
- Acanthurus japonicus. Fowler, 1946.
| - Acanthurus lamarrii Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus leucocheilus Herre, 1927.
- Acanthurus leucosternon Bennett, 1833.
- Acanthurus leucosternum Day, 1889.
- Acanthurus lineatus
- Acanthurus lineolatus Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus matoides Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus melanopterus Shen & Lim, 1973.
- Acanthurus melanosternon Smith, 1956.
- Acanthurus melanurus Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus melas Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus mata Cuvier, 1829.
- Acanthurus monroviae Steindachner, 1876.
- Acanthurus niger Ehrenberg, 1829.
- Acanthurus nigrofuscus (Forsskal, 1775)
- Acanthurus nigroris Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus nigros Günther, 1861.
- Acanthurus nummifer Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus olivaceus Bloch & Schneider, 1801.
- Acanthurus orbicularis Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus pentazona Bleeker, 1850.
- Acanthurus philippinus Herre, 1927.
- Acanthurus phlebotomus Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus plagiatus Peters, 1876.
- Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz, 1834.
- Acanthurus rackliffei Schultz, 1943.
- Acanthurus randalli Briggs & Caldwell, 1957.
- Acanthurus rasi Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus reversus Randall & Earle, 1999.
- Acanthurus rubropunctatus Rüppell, 1829.
- Acanthurus sohal
- Acanthurus striatus Cuvier, 1829.
- Acanthurus subarmatus Bennett, 1840.
- Acanthurus tennenti Günther, 1861.
- Acanthurus tractus Poey, 1860.
- Acanthurus triostegus marquesensis Schultz & Woods, 1948.
- Acanthurus triostegus sandvicensis Streets, 1877.
- Acanthurus tristis Tickell, 1888.
- Acanthurus undulatus Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus violaceus Castelnau, 1855.
- Acanthurus vittatus Bennett, 1828.
- Acanthurus xanthopterus Valenciennes, 1835.
- Acanthurus zebra Lacepède, 1802.
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