Introduction
Voici une chronologie non exhaustive des langages de programmation.
Chronologie des langages de programmation
Avant 1950
| Années | Langage | Promoteur |
|---|---|---|
| vers 1840 | Premier programme au monde | Ada Lovelace |
| 1945 | Plankalkül | Konrad Zuse |
Années 1950
| Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1952 | A-0 | Grace Hopper | |
| 1954 | Mark I Autocode | Tony Brooker | |
| 1954 | FORTRAN | A-0 | John Backus |
| 1954 | ARITH-MATIC | A-0 | Grace Hopper |
| 1954 | MATH-MATIC | A-0 | Grace Hopper |
| 1955 | FLOW-MATIC | A-0 | Grace Hopper |
| 1956 | IPL | Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert Simon | |
| 1957 | COMTRAN | FLOW-MATIC | Bob Bemer |
| 1957 | PAF | Dimitri Starynkevitch (SEA, France) | |
| 1958 | FORTRAN II | FORTRAN | John Backus |
| 1958 | ALGOL 58 | FORTRAN | |
| 1959 | LISP | IPL | John McCarthy |
Années 1960
| Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | COBOL | FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN | Le comité Codasyl |
| 1960 | ALGOL 60 | ALGOL | |
| 1960 | JOSS | ALGOL | |
| 1962 | FORTRAN IV | FORTRAN II | |
| 1962 | APL | Kenneth E. Iverson | |
| 1962 | MAD | ALGOL58 | Arden, et. al. |
| 1962 | Simula I | ALGOL60 | |
| 1962 | SNOBOL | FORTRAN II | Griswold, et al. |
| 1962 | SNOBOL3 | SNOBOL | Griswold, et al. |
| 1963 | CPL | ALGOL60 | Barron, Strachey, et al. |
| 1964 | COWSEL | CPL, LISP | Burstall, Popplestone |
| 1964 | PL/I | ALGOL60 | IBM |
| 1964 | BASIC | FORTRAN II, JOSS | Kemeny and Kurtz |
| 1964 | TRAC | Mooers (work started in 1959) | |
| 1965 | LISP 1.5 | Lisp | |
| 1966 | FORTRAN IV | FORTRAN II | |
| 1966 | ISWIM | Lisp | Peter J. Landin |
| 1966 | CORAL66 | ALGOL60 | Version temps réel de l'ALGOL60 |
| 1967 | BCPL | CPL | Martin Richards |
| 1967 | MUMPS | Fortran, Lisp | Massachusetts General Hospital |
| 1967 | InterLisp | Lisp 1.5 | développé chez BBN (né BBN-Lisp) |
| 1967 | Simula67 | Simula | |
| 1967 | SNOBOL4 | SNOBOL3 | Griswold, et al. |
| 1968 | ALGOL 68 | Algol60 | Wijngaarten, et al. |
| 1968 | POP-1 | COWSEL | Burstall, Popplestone |
| 1968 | Forth | Chuck Moore (première publication, 1970) | |
| 1968 | LOGO | Lisp | Seymour Papert |
| 1968 | REFAL | Valentin Turchin | |
| 1969 | B | BCPL | Ken Thompson |
Années 1970
| Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | POP-2 | POP-1 | |
| 1971 | Pascal | ALGOL60 | Niklaus Wirth, Jensen |
| 1972 | Smalltalk Environment | Simula67 | Digitalk |
| 1972 | C | B, BCPL | Dennis Ritchie |
| 1972 | INTERCAL | ||
| 1972 | Prolog | Alain Colmerauer | |
| 1972 | SmallTalk 72 | ||
| 1973 | COMAL | Pascal, BASIC | Børge Christensen, Benedict Løfstedt |
| 1974 | GRASS | BASIC | Tom DeFanti |
| 1974 | COBOL74 | COBOL | |
| 1975 | Scheme | Lisp | Gerald Jay Sussman, Guy Lewis Steele |
| 1975 | Altair BASIC | BASIC | Bill Gates, Paul Allen |
| 1976 | RATFOR | C, FORTRAN | Kernighan |
| 1977 | X11.1 ANSI Standard MUMPS | MUMPS | |
| 1978 | Fortran77 | FORTRAN IV | |
| 1978 | VisiCalc | Dan Bricklin, Bob Frankston) | |
| 1979 | REXX | PL/I | Mike Cowlishaw 20 mars |
| 1979 | Awk | C, SNOBOL | Alfred Aho, Peter Weinberger, Brian Kernighan |
| 1979 | VULCAN DBase-II | Ratliff | |
| 1979 | Green | Algol68 | Jean Ichbiah et al., DOD |
Années 1980
| Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 | « C with Classes » | C, Simula67 | Bjarne Stroustrup |
| 1980 | ABAP/4 | COBOL | SAP |
| 1980 | Smalltalk-80 | Simula67 | Digitalk |
| 1983 | Ada | Green | DOD |
| 1983 | C++ | C with Classes | Bjarne Stroustrup |
| 1983 | Turbo Pascal | Pascal | Anders Hejlsberg |
| 1983 | True BASIC | BASIC | John George Kemeny et Thomas Kurtz |
| 1984 | SML (Standard Meta-Language) | ||
| 1984 | Common Lisp | Inter, Mac, Zeta Lisp | Guy L. Steele et al. |
| 1984 | Esterel | Gerard Berry | |
| 1984 | Clipper | dBase | Nantucket |
| 1985 | 1984 MUMPS | 1977MUMPS | |
| 1985 | Paradox | dBase | Borland |
| 1985 | PostScript | Interpress | John Warnock |
| 1985 | Caml | ML | INRIA |
| 1985 | Quick BASIC | BASIC | Microsoft |
| 1986 | LabVIEW | National Instruments | |
| 1986 | GFA BASIC | BASIC | GFA Systemtechnik GmbH |
| 1986 | Eiffel | Simula67 | Bertrand Meyer |
| 1986 | Informix-4GL | 4GL | Informix |
| 1987 | HyperTalk | Apple | |
| 1987 | Self | Sun Microsystems Inc. (Self a inspiré JavaScript et NewtonScript) | |
| 1987 | SQLL-1 | ||
| 1987 | Perl | Awk | Larry Wall |
| 1988 | Octave | MATLAB | |
| 1988 | dBaseIV | dBase-III | |
| 1988 | Tcl | Awk, Lisp | John Ousterhout |
| 1988 | Object REXX | REXX | Simon Nash |
| 1989 | Turbo-Pascal+OOP | Turbo Pascal | Borland |
| 1989 | Standard C | C | ANSI X3.159-1989 (adopté par l' ISO in 1990) |
| 1989 | OBERON | Pascal, Modula-II | Niklaus Wirth |
| 1989 | VisSim | C, VisSim | Peter A. Darnell |
Années 1990
| Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | Haskell | Miranda | |
| 1990 | 1990 MUMPS | 1984MUMPS | |
| 1991 | Python | C | Guido van Rossum |
| 1991 | Q | ||
| 1991 | Visual Basic | QuickBASIC | Alan Cooper, Microsoft |
| 1992 | SQL-2 | SQL-1 | |
| 1992 | Borland Pascal | Turbo-Pascal OOP | |
| 1993 | FALSE | Forth | Oortmerrsen |
| 1993 | Brainfuck | FALSE | Urban Müller |
| 1993 | Revolution | HyperTalk | |
| 1993 | AppleScript | HyperCard | Apple |
| 1993 | Ruby | Perl Smalltalk | |
| 1993 | Lua | C++ (objet) | |
| 1993 | WinDev WLangage | PC Soft | |
| 1993 | Euphoria | BASIC, C, C++ | Robert Craig |
| 1995 | Ada 95 | Ada 83 | ISO |
| 1995 | Delphi(1) | Borland Pascal | Borland |
| 1995 | Java | Sun Microsystems | |
| 1995 | Limbo | C, Pascal, Alef, CSP, Newsqueak | Rob Pike, Sean Doward et Phil Winterbottom |
| 1995 | 1995 MUMPS | 1990MUMPS | |
| 1995 | ANSI Common Lisp | Common Lisp 84 | |
| 1995 | PHP | C, Shell Unix | Rasmus Lerdorf |
| 1996 | NetRexx | REXX | Mike Cowlishaw |
| 1996 | Objective Caml | Caml | INRIA |
| 1997 | SML'97 | Standard ML, 84 | |
| 1997 | ISLisp | Common Lisp, Scheme | |
| 1997 | Pico | Scheme | Université libre de Bruxelles |
| 1997 | Sysquake | MATLAB | Calerga |
| 1998 | ANSI SmallTalk | SmallTalk 80 | |
| 1998 | C++98 | C++ | ANSI/ISO Standard C++ |
| 1998 | Erlang | Concurrent Prolog | Open Source Erlang par Ericsson |
| 1999 | Gambas |
Années 2000
| Années | Langage | Inspiration | Promoteur |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Joy | Forth, Scheme, C | Manfred von Thun |
| 2000 | D | C, C++ | Walter Bright, Digital Mars |
| 2000 | C# | C, C++, COM, Java | Microsoft |
| 2001 | Kylix | DELPHI(5) | Borland |
| 2000 | Ferite | C, C++, Java, PHP, Python, Ruby, Scheme | Chris Ross |
| 2001 | Anubis | Alain Prouté | |
| 2003 | S2 | Perl, C++ | |
| 2003 | Nemerle | C#, ML, MetaHaskell | Université de Wrocław |
| 2003 | Factor | Joy, Forth, Lisp, Self | Slava Pestov (en) |
| 2005 | Seed7 | Thomas Mertes | |
| 2007 | Ada 2005 | Ada 95 | Ada Rapporteur Group |
| 2009 | Mytryl | Standard ML, SML/NJ | Cynbe Ru Taren |
| 2009 | Go | C, C++, Python | Ken Thompson, Rob Pike, Robert Griesemer |
Langages de programmation avec date inconnue ou discutable
LISP 1.5 196? MacLisp (ancêtre de Common Lisp) a été développé dans les années 1960-1970 au Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 1968 TUTOR IV -- Paul Tenczar (pour Plato) (TUTOR IV a été développé avant 1970, parce que le système MULTITUTOR a été basé sur TUTOR et COURSEWRITER III, et quelques langages CBT en 1970-73, et le COURSEWARE DESIGN SYSTEM CDS et son langage CDL ont été créés en 1975.) * 197? sh (Bourne shell) -- Stephen Bourne sh 19?? ksh (Korn shell) -- Dave Korn 1960s? IITRAN Multilog 198? Langage axé sur une base de données relationnelle (Memsoft) Esterel 198? Langage synchrone et réactif (permet l'expression simple du parallélisme et de la préemption ksh 199? zsh (Z Shell) Self Java 199? LiveScript -- Brendan Eich, Netscape LiveScript 1995 JavaScript -- Netscape JavaScript 1997 ECMAScript -- ECMA TC39-TG1 2003 Rikstation