Cet article traite des étoiles les plus brillantes, en termes de magnitude apparente depuis la Terre.
Il existe environ 8 500 étoiles visibles à l'œil nu depuis la Terre (si on considère qu'il est possible de percevoir une étoile jusqu'à la magnitude apparente de 6,50 dans les longueurs d'onde visibles, dans des conditions d'observation exceptionnelles). De façon générale, le nombre d'étoiles croît avec la magnitude : le service Simbad du Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg recense 4 étoiles de magnitude apparente inférieure à 0.00, 6 comprises entre 0.00 et 0,50, 16 entre 0,50 et 1,50, 78 entre 1,50 et 2,50, 214 entre 2,50 et 3,50, 691 entre 3,50 et 4,50, 2 094 entre 4,50 et 5,50 et 5 565 entre 5,50 et 6,50.
La liste suivante se limite aux étoiles de magnitude apparente dans le visible inférieure ou égale à 3,50, la valeur de magnitude provenant de la base de données Simbad ; cette limite permet de limiter le nombre d'étoiles à environ 300 tout en mentionnant toutes les étoiles observables dans des conditions quasi-urbaines. Les précisions suivantes sont à prendre en compte :
# | Nom | Dénomination | Magnitude | Distance | Lien |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | Soleil | -26,73 | 0,000016 | ||
1 | Sirius | α CMa | -1,47 | 9 | [1] |
2 | Canopus | α Car | -0,72 | 310 | [2] |
Alpha Centauri | α Cen | -0,1 | 4 | [3] | |
3 | Arcturus | α Boo | -0,04 | 37 | [4] |
4 | Alpha Centauri A | α1 Cen | -0,01 | 4 | [5] |
5 | Véga | α Lyr | 0,03 | 25 | [6] |
Capella | α Aur | 0,08 | 42 | [7] | |
6 | Rigel | β Ori | 0,12 | 770 | [8] |
7 | Procyon | α CMi | 0,34 | 11 | [9] |
8 | Achernar | α Eri | 0,50 | 140 | [10] |
9 | Bételgeuse | α Ori | 0,58 | 430 | [11] |
10 | Hadar | β Cen | 0,60 | 530 | [12] |
11 | Capella A | α1 Aur | 0,71 | 42 | [13] |
12 | Altaïr | α Aql | 0,77 | 17 | [14] |
Acrux A | α1 Cru | 0,81 | 320 | [15] | |
13 | Aldébaran | α Tau | 0,85 | 65 | [16] |
14 | Capella B | α2 Aur | 0,96 | 42 | [17] |
15 | L'Épi | α Vir | 1,04 | 260 | [18] |
16 | Antarès A | α Sco | 1,09 | 600 | [19] |
17 | Pollux | β Gem | 1,15 | 34 | [20] |
18 | Fomalhaut | α PsA | 1,16 | 25 | [21] |
19 | Deneb | α Cyg | 1,25 | 3200 | [22] |
20 | Mimosa | β Cru | 1,297 | 350 | [23] |
21 | Alpha Centauri B | α2 Cen | 1,33 | 4 | [24] |
22 | Régulus | α Leo | 1,35 | 77 | [25] |
23 | Acrux B | α2 Cru | 1,4 | 320 | [26] |
24 | Adhara | ε CMa | 1,513 | 430 | [27] |
Castor | α Gem | 1,59 | 52 | [28] | |
25 | Shaula | λ Sco | 1,62 | 700 | [29] |
26 | Gacrux | γ Cru | 1,63 | 88 | [30] |
27 | Bellatrix | γ Ori | 1,64 | 240 | [31] |
28 | Elnath | β Tau | 1,68 | 130 | [32] |
29 | Miaplacidus | β Car | 1,70 | 110 | [33] |
30 | Alnilam | ε Ori | 1,70 | 1300 | [34] |
Alnitak | ζ Ori | 1,7 | 820 | [35] | |
31 | Al Na'ir | α Gru | 1,74 | 100 | [36] |
32 | Alioth | ε UMa | 1,760 | 81 | [37] |
33 | Dubhe A | α1 UMa | 1,79 | 120 | [38] |
34 | Alnitak | ζ1 Ori | 1,79 | 820 | [39] |
35 | Kaus Australis | ε Sgr | 1,80 | 140 | [40] |
36 | Suhail al Muhlif A | γ1 Vel | 1,808 | 840 | [41] |
37 | Mirfak | α Per | 1,816 | 590 | [42] |
38 | Wezen | δ CMa | 1,842 | 1800 | [43] |
39 | Alkaid | η UMa | 1,852 | 100 | [44] |
40 | Sargas | θ Sco | 1,862 | 270 | [45] |
Menkalinan | β Aur | 1,896 | 82 | [46] | |
41 | Alhena | γ Gem | 1,90 | 100 | [47] |
42 | Alpha Pavonis | α Pav | 1,910 | 180 | [48] |
43 | Atria | α TrA | 1,92 | 420 | [49] |
Delta Velorum | δ Vel | 1,95 | 80 | [50] | |
Avior | ε Car | 1,953 | 630 | [51] | |
44 | Castor A | α1 Gem | 1,96 | 52 | [52] |
45 | Murzim | β CMa | 1,98 | 500 | [53] |
46 | Hamal | α Ari | 2,00 | 66 | [54] |
47 | Alphard | α Hya | 2,004 | 170 | [55] |
48 | Polaris | α UMi | 2,005 | 430 | [56] |
49 | Delta Velorum A | δ1 Vel | 2,03 | 80 | [57] |
50 | Deneb Kaitos | β Cet | 2,04 | 96 | [58] |
51 | Saiph | κ Ori | 2,049 | 720 | [59] |
52 | Nunki | σ Sgr | 2,058 | 220 | [60] |
53 | Alpheratz | α And | 2,06 | 97 | [61] |
54 | Mirach | β And | 2,06 | 200 | [62] |
55 | Menkent | θ Cen | 2,06 | 61 | [63] |
Mizar | ζ UMa | 2,06 | 78 | [64] | |
56 | Kochab | β UMi | 2,078 | 130 | [65] |
57 | Acrux B | α2 Cru | 2,09 | 320 | [66] |
58 | Ras Alhague | α Oph | 2,10 | 47 | [67] |
Almach | γ And | 2,10 | 350 | [68] | |
59 | Algol | β Per | 2,12 | 93 | [69] |
60 | Beta Gruis | β Gru | 2,13 | 170 | [70] |
61 | Denebola | β Leo | 2,14 | 36 | [71] |
Gamma Centauri | γ Cen | 2,18 | 130 | [72] | |
62 | Naos | ζ Pup | 2,210 | 1400 | [73] |
Alphecca | α CrB | 2,214 | 75 | [74] | |
63 | Lambda Velorum | λ Vel | 2,226 | 570 | [75] |
Mintaka | δ Ori | 2,23 | 920 | [76] | |
64 | Eltanin | γ Dra | 2,23 | 150 | [77] |
65 | Sadir | γ Cyg | 2,237 | 1500 | [78] |
66 | Alphecca A | α1 CrB | 2,24 | 75 | [79] |
67 | Aspidiske | ι Car | 2,249 | 690 | [80] |
68 | Schedar | α Cas | 2,252 | 230 | [81] |
69 | Almach A | γ1 And | 2,26 | 350 | [82] |
70 | Epsilon Centauri | ε Cen | 2,265 | 380 | [83] |
71 | Caph | β Cas | 2,27 | 54 | [84] |
72 | Mizar A | ζ1 UMa | 2,27 | 78 | [85] |
73 | Alpha Lupi | α Lup | 2,276 | 550 | [86] |
74 | Algieba A | γ1 Leo | 2,28 | 130 | [87] |
75 | Wei | ε Sco | 2,29 | 65 | [88] |
76 | Dschubba | δ Sco | 2,291 | 400 | [89] |
77 | Eta Centauri | η Cen | 2,322 | 310 | [90] |
78 | Merak | β UMa | 2,346 | 79 | [91] |
79 | Ankaa | α Phe | 2,37 | 77 | [92] |
80 | Girtab | κ Sco | 2,375 | 460 | [93] |
Izar | ε Boo | 2,39 | 210 | [94] | |
81 | Gamma Cassiopeiae | γ Cas | 2,39 | 610 | [95] |
82 | Avior A | ε1 Car | 2,4 | 630 | [96] |
83 | Aludra | η CMa | 2,40 | 3200 | [97] |
84 | Enif | ε Peg | 2,404 | 670 | [98] |
85 | Scheat | β Peg | 2,42 | 200 | [99] |
86 | Phecda | γ UMa | 2,427 | 84 | [100] |
Sabik | η Oph | 2,43 | 84 | [101] | |
87 | Alderamin | α Cep | 2,44 | 49 | [102] |
88 | Kappa Velorum | κ Vel | 2,464 | 540 | [103] |
89 | Markab | α Peg | 2,49 | 140 | [104] |
Acrab | β Sco | 2,50 | 530 | [105] | |
90 | Gienah | ε Cyg | 2,50 | 72 | [106] |
91 | ζ Cen | 2,515 | 380 | [107] | |
92 | α Cet | 2,560 | 220 | [108] | |
93 | δ Leo | 2,56 | 58 | [109] | |
94 | δ Cen | 2,561 | 400 | [110] | |
95 | ζ Oph | 2,578 | 460 | [111] | |
96 | γ Crv | 2,59 | 160 | [112] | |
97 | α Lep | 2,597 | 1300 | [113] | |
98 | α Col | 2,60 | 270 | [114] | |
99 | β Lib | 2,605 | 160 | [115] | |
100 | ζ Sgr | 2,607 | 89 | [116] | |
101 | βA Sco | 2,62 | 530 | [117] | |
102 | θ Aur | 2,62 | 170 | [118] | |
103 | α Ser | 2,638 | 73 | [119] | |
104 | Sharatan | β Ari | 2,64 | 60 | [120] |
105 | β Crv | 2,65 | 140 | [121] | |
106 | β Lup | 2,665 | 520 | [122] | |
107 | α Mus | 2,677 | 310 | [123] | |
108 | δ Cas | 2,68 | 99 | [124] | |
109 | η Boo | 2,68 | 37 | [125] | |
110 | ι Aur | 2,693 | 510 | [126] | |
111 | ι Cen | 2,70 | 59 | [127] | |
112 | υ Sco | 2,70 | 520 | [128] | |
113 | δ Sgr | 2,710 | 310 | [129] | |
114 | μ Vel | 2,721 | 120 | [130] | |
115 | Tarazed | γ Aql | 2,724 | 460 | [131] |
116 | π Pup | 2,729 | 1100 | [132] | |
117 | η Dra | 2,736 | 88 | [133] | |
118 | δ Oph | 2,74 | 170 | [134] | |
119 | α2 Lib | 2,753 | 77 | [135] | |
γ Vir | 2,76 | 39 | [136] | ||
120 | γ Lup | 2,765 | 570 | [137] | |
121 | ι Ori | 2,77 | 1300 | [138] | |
122 | β Oph | 2,773 | 82 | [139] | |
123 | δ Cru | 2,775 | 360 | [140] | |
124 | θ Car | 2,78 | 440 | [141] | |
125 | β Her | 2,786 | 150 | [142] | |
126 | β Dra | 2,79 | 360 | [143] | |
127 | β Eri | 2,79 | 89 | [144] | |
128 | β Hyi | 2,80 | 24 | [145] | |
129 | ρ Pup | 2,81 | 63 | [146] | |
130 | τ Sco | 2,814 | 430 | [147] | |
131 | ε Vir | 2,83 | 980 | [148] | |
132 | γ Peg | 2,83 | 330 | [149] | |
133 | ζ Per | 2,83 | 100 | [150] | |
134 | β Ara | 2,832 | 600 | [151] | |
135 | λ Sgr | 2,833 | 77 | [152] | |
136 | Choo | α Ara | 2,836 | 240 | [153] |
137 | β Lep | 2,840 | 160 | [154] | |
138 | β TrA | 2,85 | 40 | [155] | |
139 | α Tuc | 2,86 | 200 | [156] | |
140 | δ Cap | 2,87 | 39 | [157] | |
141 | η Tau | 2,873 | 370 | [158] | |
142 | γ TrA | 2,881 | 180 | [159] | |
143 | ζ Per | 2,883 | 980 | [160] | |
144 | β CMi | 2,886 | 170 | [161] | |
145 | π Sgr | 2,89 | 440 | [162] | |
146 | π Sco | 2,89 | 460 | [163] | |
147 | ζA Her | 2,890 | 35 | [164] | |
148 | α2 CVn | 2,90 | 110 | [165] | |
149 | α Hyi | 2,90 | 71 | [166] | |
150 | δ Cyg | 2,900 | 170 | [167] | |
θ2 Eri | 2,90 | 160 | [168] | ||
151 | Acamar | θ1 Eri | 2,90 | 120 | [169] |
152 | ε Per | 2,901 | 540 | [170] | |
153 | Sadalsuud | β Aqr | 2,91 | 610 | [171] |
154 | σ Sco | 2,912 | 730 | [172] | |
155 | μ Gem | 2,914 | 230 | [173] | |
156 | τ Pup | 2,93 | 180 | [174] | |
157 | γ Per | 2,947 | 260 | [175] | |
158 | η Peg | 2,948 | 210 | [176] | |
159 | Sadalmelik | α Aqr | 2,950 | 760 | [177] |
160 | δ Crv | 2,95 | 88 | [178] | |
υ Car | 2,96 | 1600 | [179] | ||
161 | υA Car | 2,96 | 1600 | [180] | |
162 | ε Leo | 2,975 | 250 | [181] | |
163 | γ Eri | 2,978 | 220 | [182] | |
164 | μ1 Sco | 2,98 | 820 | [183] | |
165 | Deneb Al Okab Australis | ζ Aql | 2,988 | 83 | [184] |
166 | δ Per | 2,99 | 530 | [185] | |
167 | γ Sgr | 2,99 | 96 | [186] | |
168 | β Tri | 3,00 | 120 | [187] | |
169 | γ Boo | 3,00 | 85 | [188] | |
170 | γ Hya | 3,00 | 130 | [189] | |
171 | ο2 CMa | 3,00 | 2600 | [190] | |
172 | ζ CMa | 3,00 | 340 | [191] | |
173 | ψ UMa | 3,005 | 150 | [192] | |
174 | γ Gru | 3,01 | 200 | [193] | |
175 | ε Crv | 3,017 | 300 | [194] | |
176 | ε Gem | 3,019 | 900 | [195] | |
177 | ι1 Sco | 3,020 | 1800 | [196] | |
178 | γ UMi | 3,027 | 480 | [197] | |
179 | ζ Tau | 3,03 | 420 | [198] | |
180 | ε Aur | 3,039 | 2000 | [199] | |
181 | ο Cet | 3,04 | 420 | [200] | |
Ras Algethi | α Her | 3,06 | 380 | [201] | |
182 | μ UMa | 3,066 | 250 | [202] | |
183 | β Mus | 3,07 | 310 | [203] | |
184 | β Cap | 3,08 | 340 | [204] | |
185 | δ Dra | 3,082 | 100 | [205] | |
186 | Albireo | βA Cyg | 3,085 | 390 | [206] |
187 | ιA UMa | 3,10 | 48 | [207] | |
188 | η Sgr | 3,11 | 150 | [208] | |
189 | ν Hya | 3,11 | 138 | [209] | |
190 | α Ind | 3,116 | 100 | [210] | |
191 | λ Cen | 3,117 | 410 | [211] | |
192 | β Col | 3,12 | 86 | [212] | |
193 | δ Her | 3,126 | 78 | [213] | |
194 | ζ Ara | 3,127 | 570 | [214] | |
195 | ζ Hya | 3,127 | 150 | [215] | |
196 | κ Cen | 3,13 | 540 | [216] | |
197 | π Her | 3,156 | 370 | [217] | |
198 | η Aur | 3,158 | 220 | [218] | |
199 | α Lyn | 3,16 | 220 | [219] | |
200 | φ Sgr | 3,161 | 230 | [220] | |
201 | ν Pup | 3,171 | 420 | [221] | |
202 | ζ Dra | 3,174 | 340 | [222] | |
203 | N Vel | 3,179 | 240 | [223] | |
204 | α Cir | 3,19 | 53 | [224] | |
205 | π3 Ori | 3,19 | 26 | [225] | |
206 | ε Lep | 3,192 | 230 | [226] | |
207 | G Sco | 3,194 | 130 | [227] | |
208 | κ Oph | 3,20 | 86 | [228] | |
209 | θ UMa | 3,20 | 44 | [229] | |
210 | ζ Cyg | 3,20 | 150 | [230] | |
211 | δ Lup | 3,203 | 510 | [231] | |
212 | β Cep | 3,216 | 600 | [232] | |
213 | γA Cep | 3,225 | 45 | [233] | |
214 | ε Oph | 3,240 | 110 | [234] | |
215 | γ Hyi | 3,24 | 210 | [235] | |
216 | γ Lyr | 3,24 | 630 | [236] | |
217 | θ Aql | 3,242 | 290 | [237] | |
218 | θ Oph | 3,248 | 560 | [238] | |
219 | σ Pup | 3,25 | 180 | [239] | |
220 | α Dor | 3,256 | 180 | [240] | |
221 | η Ser | 3,26 | 62 | [241] | |
222 | 49 Hya | 3,263 | 100 | [242] | |
223 | δ Aqr | 3,269 | 160 | [243] | |
224 | μ Lep | 3,279 | 180 | [244] | |
225 | δ And | 3,28 | 100 | [245] | |
226 | α Pic | 3,30 | 99 | [246] | |
227 | λA Ori | 3,3 | 1100 | [247] | |
228 | ω Car | 3,30 | 370 | [248] | |
229 | σ Lib | 3,30 | 290 | [249] | |
230 | δ UMa | 3,304 | 81 | [250] | |
231 | ι Dra | 3,310 | 100 | [251] | |
232 | γ Ara | 3,312 | 1100 | [252] | |
233 | η Gem | 3,32 | 350 | [253] | |
234 | τ Sgr | 3,32 | 120 | [254] | |
235 | β Phe | 3,323 | 200 | [255] | |
236 | θ Leo | 3,324 | 180 | [256] | |
237 | Nu Oph | 3,327 | 150 | [257] | |
238 | η Sco | 3,33 | 72 | [258] | |
239 | ξ Pup | 3,337 | 1300 | [259] | |
240 | ε Cas | 3,342 | 440 | [260] | |
241 | α Ret | 3,343 | 160 | [261] | |
242 | ζ Cep | 3,359 | 730 | [262] | |
243 | PP Car | 3,361 | 500 | [263] | |
244 | ο UMa | 3,362 | 180 | [264] | |
245 | ε Lup | 3,367 | 500 | [265] | |
246 | δ Vir | 3,38 | 200 | [266] | |
247 | ε Hya | 3,38 | 140 | [267] | |
248 | η Ori | 3,38 | 900 | [268] | |
249 | V337 Car | 3,384 | 740 | [269] | |
250 | λ Ori | 3,39 | 1100 | [270] | |
251 | ν Cen | 3,390 | 470 | [271] | |
252 | δ Aql | 3,40 | 50 | [272] | |
253 | I Car | 3,40 | 53 | [273] | |
254 | V357 Car | 3,40 | 420 | [274] | |
255 | Alzir | ξ Gem | 3,40 | 57 | [275] |
256 | ζ Peg | 3,40 | 210 | [276] | |
257 | ζ Vir | 3,40 | 73 | [277] | |
258 | λ Tau | 3,408 | 370 | [278] | |
259 | θ2 Tau | 3,409 | 150 | [279] | |
260 | α Tri | 3,41 | 64 | [280] | |
261 | η Cep | 3,41 | 47 | [281] | |
262 | γ Phe | 3,41 | 230 | [282] | |
263 | ζ Lup | 3,41 | 120 | [283] | |
264 | η Lup | 3,412 | 490 | [284] | |
265 | μA Her | 3,417 | 27 | [285] | |
266 | ρ Per | 3,42 | 330 | [286] | |
267 | β Pav | 3,426 | 140 | [287] | |
268 | Al Thalimain | λ Aql | 3,427 | 130 | [288] |
269 | λ UMa | 3,442 | 130 | [289] | |
270 | ζ Leo | 3,443 | 260 | [290] | |
271 | χ Car | 3,444 | 390 | [291] | |
272 | η Cas | 3,45 | 19 | [292] | |
273 | η Cep | 3,45 | 47 | [293] | |
274 | μ Cen | 3,456 | 530 | [294] | |
275 | δ Boo | 3,47 | 120 | [295] | |
276 | γ Cet | 3,47 | 82 | [296] | |
277 | α Tel | 3,477 | 250 | [297] | |
278 | Ras Algethi | α Her | 3,48 | 380 | [298] |
279 | η Her | 3,487 | 110 | [299] | |
280 | β Boo | 3,488 | 220 | [300] | |
281 | ε Gru | 3,489 | 130 | [301] | |
282 | σ CMa | 3,489 | 1200 | [302] | |
283 | φ Vel | 3,50 | 1900 | [303] | |
284 | τ Cet | 3,50 | 12 | [304] | |
285 | θ Peg | 3,50 | 97 | [305] |